RedGraphs Platform

Business Relationship Analytics

Verified economic relationships between public and private companies -- supplier-customer, ownership, subsidiary, creditor-debtor, and licensing -- with primary-source evidence and temporal depth.

Distributed commercially by S&P Global Market Intelligence. Powered by the RedGraphs Platform.

Asset Type Graph Dataset
Update Frequency Daily (T+1 for EDGAR)
Historical Depth 2005 to Present
Evidence Requirement Primary Source

Business Relationship Analytics (BRA) is implemented as a time-aware, provenance-bound Economic Relationship Graph. The sections below describe the underlying data model.

01

Relationship Primitive

The atomic unit of the Economic Relationship Graph is a directed edge between two resolved entities, classified by type and anchored to primary evidence.

Type From Entity Role To Entity Role Primary Source
supplier_customer Goods/services provider Goods/services receiver 10-K, 8-K
supplier_distributor Product provider Distribution partner 10-K, Press Release
franchisor_franchisee IP/trademark holder Franchise operator Franchise Disclosure
landlord_tenant Property owner Property occupier 10-K, Lease Filing
licensor_licensee License grantor License holder 8-K, License Agreement
lessor_lessee Asset owner Asset lessee 10-K, Lease Filing
ownership Equity holder Owned entity 13F, Annual Report
subsidiary Parent company Controlled entity 10-K Exhibit 21
creditor_debtor Debt holder Obligor Credit Agreement, 8-K
joint_venture JV partner JV partner 8-K, JV Agreement

Relationships are classified by economic function with explicit directionality. The "from" entity initiates the economic flow or holds the controlling position; the "to" entity receives or is subject to that flow.

02

Data Schema

The Business Relationships Analytics data model captures supplier-customer relationships with temporal versioning and economic value metrics. Entities are identified by S&P Capital IQ company identifiers.

Schema based on S&P Global Market Intelligence Business Relationships Analytics delivery specification.

businessRelAnalytics Record

{
  "ciqCompanyIdCustomer": 24937,
  "ciqCompanyIdSupplier": 18749,
  "validAsOf": "2024-06-30",
  "networkAsOf": "2024-07-15",
  "connectionValue": 125.4,
  "customerCost": 0.08,
  "supplierRevenue": 0.15,
  "statusType": "ACTUAL"
}

businessRelCrossRef Record

{
  "ciqCompanyIdCustomer": 24937,
  "ciqCompanyIdSupplier": 18749,
  "businessRelId": "BR_2024_00123456",
  "validFrom": "2024-01-15",
  "dateFrom": "2023-01-01",
  "dateTo": "2023-12-31"
}

Temporal Fields

businessRelAnalytics (Temporal Fields)
────────────────────────────────────────
validAsOf         DATE    Evidence availability date
                          (when source documents became valid)
networkAsOf       DATE    Network state date
                          (point-in-time network reconstruction)

businessRelCrossRef (Temporal Fields)
────────────────────────────────────────
validFrom         DATE    When cross-reference became valid
dateFrom          DATE    Relationship effective start date
dateTo            DATE    Relationship effective end date

The temporal model separates document availability (validAsOf) from network state (networkAsOf). This enables point-in-time network reconstruction without lookahead bias. The cross-reference table tracks relationship validity periods.

Value Fields

businessRelAnalytics (Value Fields)
────────────────────────────────────────
connectionValue   DECIMAL   Monetary value (USD millions)
customerCost      DECIMAL   Multiple of customer operational cost
supplierRevenue   DECIMAL   Multiple of supplier revenue
statusType        ENUM      ACTUAL | ESTIMATED

ACTUAL:    Value extracted from disclosure
ESTIMATED: Value computed when relationship is
           established but magnitude not disclosed

Economic values are expressed in three forms: absolute monetary value, customer-relative magnitude, and supplier-relative magnitude. The statusType field distinguishes between values extracted from disclosure (ACTUAL) and computed values (ESTIMATED).

When a relationship is established but monetary value is not disclosed, economic values are computed and marked as ESTIMATED.

Composite Primary Keys

businessRelAnalytics

(ciqCompanyIdCustomer, ciqCompanyIdSupplier, validAsOf, networkAsOf)

businessRelCrossRef

(ciqCompanyIdCustomer, ciqCompanyIdSupplier, businessRelId, validFrom, dateFrom)

03

Temporal Model

The Economic Relationship Graph maintains temporal integrity through a dual-date model that separates document availability from network state.

Document Date

When source evidence was published. Determines when information became available for network construction.

Network Date

The state of the network being reconstructed. Uses only documents published on or before this date.

Retroactive Disclosure Handling

A document published in 2024 that describes a relationship from 2022 will appear in networks with document_date >= 2024, regardless of the relationship's effective period. This prevents lookahead contamination in quantitative analysis and ensures networks reflect only what was knowable at the network timestamp.

04

Provenance Model

Every relationship carries a provenance chain documenting its extraction, validation, and publication lifecycle. Confidence scores are bounded by evidence tier.

Relationship Lifecycle

For the complete evidence hierarchy, extraction classification, confidence model, and auditability framework, see Methodology.

05

Data Coverage

The Economic Relationship Graph covers 600,000+ public and private entities across multiple jurisdictions, including the full Russell 3000 and hundreds of thousands of additional counterparties globally.

Entity Universe

The graph includes 600,000+ companies globally: public companies, private companies with disclosed relationships, and entities referenced in regulatory filings. Coverage includes the full Russell 3000 and extends to counterparties across all covered jurisdictions.

Relationship Types

Primary coverage includes supplier/customer relationships, ownership stakes, subsidiary structures, and creditor relationships extracted from SEC filings and corporate disclosures.

Geographic Coverage

  • Primary United States, United Kingdom, European Union
  • Secondary Canada, Australia, Japan
  • Expanding APAC, LATAM

Temporal Coverage

  • Coverage period 2005 - present
  • Refresh latency T+1 (regulatory sources)

Primary Data Sources by Jurisdiction

Jurisdiction Regulatory Sources Filing Types
US SEC EDGAR 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, 20-F, 40-F, 13F-HR, Prospectus
Canada SEDAR+ Annual Information Forms, Material Change Reports
UK Companies House, RNS Annual Returns, Regulatory Announcements
EU National Registries Annual Reports, Prospectuses
Australia ASIC Annual Reports, Continuous Disclosure
Global Press Releases, Corporate Disclosures Earnings Calls, Investor Presentations

All sources are processed with document-level provenance. Each extracted relationship links to the specific filing, page, and excerpt from which it was derived.

06

Reference Workflows

The following workflows demonstrate analytical patterns supported by the Economic Relationship Graph. Each workflow produces outputs with full provenance citation.

Concentration Risk Assessment

Input

Portfolio of entity IDs

Process
  1. Retrieve relationships for portfolio entities
  2. Aggregate exposure by counterparty
  3. Traverse 2nd-degree relationships
  4. Identify hidden concentration
Output

Concentration report with provenance citations for each identified exposure

Supply Chain Mapping

Input

Target entity ID, traversal depth

Process
  1. Retrieve supplier relationships
  2. Recursive traversal (configurable depth)
  3. Geographic concentration analysis
  4. Single-source dependency detection
Output

Multi-tier supplier graph with risk annotations and jurisdiction breakdown

Ownership Traversal

Input

Entity ID, ownership threshold

Process
  1. Retrieve ownership above threshold
  2. Recursive traversal to UBO
  3. Calculate effective ownership
  4. Cross-reference external lists
Output

Ownership chain with calculated effective stakes at each level

07

Integration and Delivery

Access the Economic Relationship Graph through bulk feed, cloud data sharing, or direct export. All delivery methods preserve provenance metadata.

Delivery Formats

  • CSV Tabular export
  • Flat files Bulk feed via SFTP

Cloud Delivery

  • Snowflake Data Sharing
  • Databricks Delta Sharing
  • AWS Data Exchange
  • Google Cloud Cloud delivery
08

Governance and Quality

Data quality is enforced through automated validation, periodic audits, and defined refresh cadences. All quality metrics are published.

Quality Approach

Data quality is maintained through entity resolution validation, evidence linkage requirements, and periodic audits. All relationships require at least one evidence record.

Refresh Cadence

  • SEC EDGAR Daily (T+1)
  • Corporate registries Weekly
  • Credit agreements Event-driven
  • Full reprocessing Monthly

Data Handling

  • Source data Public filings and disclosures
  • Personal data No PII collected or processed
  • Entity identifiers S&P Capital IQ company IDs
  • Data scope Relationship-level, not individual-level

Data Retention

Historical data is retained indefinitely. The temporal model enables point-in-time reconstruction of the network at any covered date from 2005 to the present. Audit trail records are append-only and preserved in perpetuity.

Integration Security

Data delivery supports encrypted transport across all channels. For security documentation and compliance details, contact the RedGraphs team at contact@redgraphs.com.

Access Business Relationship Analytics

For data access, delivery options, or integration support, contact the RedGraphs team.

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